Writing an essay A process analysis essay an Example of the Topic Essay Types by

Writing an essay: A process analysis essay Contrary to proper belief, writing an essay is not an easy task. It requires good understanding power, with linguistic skills and an excellent ability for logical presentation. Need essay sample on "Writing an essay: A process analysis essay" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed The first step towards a good essay is to be confident about one's linguistic skills. These can be acquired by reading books, magazines, journals etc. To write good e says continuously, one needs to develop reading as a habit. Once the topic of the essay is chosen, one needs to collect information on the subject. The main sources information are internet sites accessed throughpopular search engines like google and yahoo, books, magazines and journals on the topic. This is the stage wherein one needs to understand what other authors have to say on the subject chosen. It is very important that the subject is well understood, and the arguments, descriptionsin the researched information are well comprehended. The information collected serves as rawmaterial which will be shaped into a final essay. The next step is to analyze the information. The arguments in favor and against the topic, byvarious authors need to be understood. These arguments can be claims, reasons or evidences.This is the phase where clarity of the content is achieved. Depending on the nature of the topic,the content has to be gathered and analyzed. For example an essay on globalization wouldrequire proper analysis of various positive and negative effects of globalization, whereas anessay on Darwin's theory of evolution, will have information in terms of evidences that he hadgathered and analyzed. To write an essay on Pyramids of Egypt, the writer has to firstunderstand its theological and geometric considerations and beliefs. At the end of this phase, thewriter has a relatively good knowledge of the subject on which he wants to write. Once the information is collected and analyzed, the writer starts being creative and constructive. The "whys", "ifs" and "whats' related to the subject need to be asked andanswered by him. Such questions will help in developing a deep insight into the subject. This will also help in generation of new, original ideas on the subject. Then comes the stage of introducing the reader to the subject and formulating a thesis. This is the most important stage, as it will decide the shape essay is going to take. Based on the insightgained, the writer has to form a thesis. The essay is nothing but backing the statement made inthe thesis with logical arguments, data, facts, and evidences which are collected. Formulating agood thesis is a prime requirement of a qualitative essay. Once the thesis is defined, the essay has to be structured. This implies arranging the overallsequence of the ideas that are to be put forward, to back the thesis. Once this is done, the detail writing starts. The ideas as structured before, need to be explained to the minutest detail. Thelanguage style should be simple, and appeal to the reader in such a way that he has no choice butto accept the thesis. These paragraphs must be simple yet forceful. The last phase is the conclusion. This is a simple packing of whatever is said earlier in theessay, but very briefly. Introduction, thesis, body and conclusion are the essential organs of agood essay. All good essays need to be written in this sequence. A good essay also has perfect language, from grammatical point of view. All spellings andpunctuation marks need to be checked. Good use of figures of speech will certainly beadvantageous. The only time tested and simple way to achieve this is to make the first draft,revise it as the second draft and revise it again for the final essay. This will ensure linguistic perfection. Once the essay is well prepared, the last step is formatting it and giving the appropriatecitations. Proper citations ensure that the reader can easily refer back to the source if he wantsany additional information. APA, MLA and Chicago are the popular citation styles References: Johnson Tom, How to write an essay: 10 easy steps, August 2004, Retrieved on 27 July 2007 from: http://www.aucegypt.edu/academic/writers/

The Affect or Effect Conundrum and How to Solve It

The Affect or Effect Conundrum and How to Solve It Lets face it- the English language has some confusing grammar rules. In fact, some words in the English language are so confusing that incorrect usage is more common than correct usage- and affect vs. effect are two such words!A problem many people have with understanding the difference between affect and effect is that there is only one letter that distinguishes the two from each other. Beyond that, affect is defined as to have an effect on so their definitions are similar. Then, both words sound almost the same when spoken quickly, creating further confusion. So, lets take a look at these two words and discuss a failproof way to remember the difference between them.AffectAffect is a verb that means to have an effect on; make a difference to; touch the feelings of (someone); move emotionally. However, there is one instance in which affect is a noun- when it refers to the way someone carries themselves or their outward demeanor. This usage of affect is uncommon, so it isnt a context youll encounter often unless youre in certain fields, where someone might refer to the patients affect (in psychology), meaning their disposition and how they outwardly present themselves.Examples:The extra side dish doesnt affect the cost of the mealIt doesnt affect me to watch sad movies, so I usually only laugh at them.EffectEffect is almost always a noun and can mean: a change that is a result or consequence of an action or other cause; an impression produced in the mind of a person. Effect can also mean: the lighting, sound, or scenery used in a play, movie, or broadcast, as in movie special effects.Examples:The effect of that movie on the audience is undeniable.Those lights have a nice effect on the look of the painting.And since it seems to be impossible to have an easy time with these two words, there is also one instance in which effect is used as a verb. When you effect change, you bring about change, and youll see it almost always combined with change in this context.The Raven EffectIf you want an easy mnemonic device to help with the affect vs. effect conundrum, you can think of the word RAVEN to Remember Affect is a Verb and Effect is a Noun. Just keep in mind that there are a few instances where this isnt always the case, but for most contexts and of the words, it is.Affect vs. Effect in a nutshell

Material prices influence Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Material prices influence - Research Paper Example Question 2 a) Monthly profit position for each of L Ltd and M Ltd if the sales of L Ltd : i. at their present level Particulars M L Selling prices 9 20 Sales in litres 750000 250000 Sales in drums 30000 10000 Total sales 270000 200000 Raw materials - 9 Other cost 5 3 Total VC for a month 150000 120000 Fixed costs 60000 40000 total cost 210000 160000 Profit 60000 40000 Assumptions 1. 1 drum = 25 litres 2. Current production capacity of L ltd if 1000 kilolitres p.m 3. Current production level of L ltd is 75% 4. Production and sales are same, no stock in hand (ii) at their higher potential level indicated by the market research, subject to a cut in price of 20%. Particulars M L Selling prices 9 16 Sales in litres 750000 450000 Sales in drums 30000 18000 Total sales 270000 288000 Raw materials - 9 Other cost 5 3 Total VC for a month 150000 216000 Fixed costs 60000 40000 Total cost 210000 256000 Profit 60000 32000 b) i. Difficulties when the market prices are used as transfer price produces underthe conditions outlined in (a) (ii) above. When the market prices are used as the transfer prices, it is disadvantageous for L ltd. This is because, it is planning to reduce its selling price by 20%, thereby increasing its sales by 80%. If this reduction in selling prices happens, then the profits enjoyed by L Ltd decreases even though there is an increase in sales by 80 %. The raw material prices are same for L ltd. There is no decrease in the raw materials which is purchased from M Ltd. As the production increases for L ltd, the raw material consumption also increases and which should bring down the raw materials cost down. The raw materials cost charged by M ltd, is based on the market price and hence, it does not benefit L Ltd. (ii) Factors to be...This is because, it is planning to reduce its selling price by 20%, thereby increasing its sales by 80%. If this reduction in selling prices happens, then the profits enjoyed by L Ltd decreases even though there is an increase in sales by 80 %. The raw material prices are same for L ltd. There is no decrease in the raw materials which is purchased from M Ltd. As the production increases for L ltd, the raw material consumption also increases and which should bring down the raw materials cost down. The raw materials cost charged by M ltd, is based on the market price and hence, it does not benefit L Ltd. As an accountant, I would consider the dual approach to fix the transfer prices. M ltd is currently selling for two parties, one L Ltd and other external parties. For L Ltd, the transfer price can be based on full cost approach and for the external customers, it can be based on the market prices. The actual cost of production should be estimated, including the research and development cost and other costs that are traceable to the division. A full cost absorption approach can be adopted to overcome these kind of problems.

Difficult problem in your life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Difficult problem in your life - Essay Example Upon my return, when I started the automobile, I realized that the horrid sound had not gone away, but since I arrived to my destiny with this horrid sound, I thought I could return without any problems. I was truly wrong. The engine was gone due to lack of oil. Not only did I not have an automobile, but I lost my means of transportation to and from school, while also seeking employment. Health issues have also arisen. I have high blood pressure and I am expected to visit the hospital every week for laboratory testing. So here I am, without an automobile for transportation, having health problems, and lacking money. Since that was the scenario, I had to do something very quickly. I appealed to my brother’s kind heart and asked him for economical assistance. He is not better off than I am but knowing about my situation, knowing that I have never asked him for money in the past, and he is in a position to also work on the automobile with a friend of his, he agreed to help me out. This has been a successful solution, in that, my brother partook in helping me out, even taking me to his friend who is a mechanic and he is able to work on the car himself, and obtaining lower costing parts (an engine, to start with). That has been my problem and

Operations Management - Toyota Corporation In China Coursework

Operations Management - Toyota Corporation In China - Coursework Example China is such market. In the past, the Chinese market was quite attractive for organizations in different industries; the specific market has been very popular especially for firms operating in the manufacturing sector. This market has attracted the interest of Japanese firms, which have been aware of the market’s prospects, mostly because of its size. However, through the years, the terms of operations in the Chinese market have been differentiated. The increase of wages and taxes has reduced the level of profit. Still, the Chinese market is quite important for firms operating in the manufacturing industry. Toyota has entered the Chinese market about 30 years before. Initially, the growth of the firm in the specific market has been impressive. However, gradually, the firm’s performance in China has been declined, a fact which has been mostly related to the failures in the firm’s operational strategy. The recent efforts of the firm to upgrade its operational stra tegy and develop a research and development unit in China are expect to highly benefit the organizational performance offering to the organization a competitive advantage towards its rivals.Introduction Because of the continuous expansion of globalisation, the decisions of firms to expand their activities internationally are highly depended on the perspectives available in regard to business activities in each country. China can be characterized as one of the strongest countries worldwide in terms of its financial perspectives. The last decade, the rapid development of entrepreneurial activities across China has led to the increase of the country’s competitiveness in the global market. At the same time, the fixed exchange rate, which the country’s policy makers have initiated, has further supported the development of the country as a popular destination for businesses of all types (Horch 2009). However, the fixed exchange rate in China has not helped towards the control of inflation, which in 2008 has reached the level of 8.5%, the highest level since 1996 (Rongala 2008). The relationship between the fixed exchange rate and inflation in China explains the following phe nomenon: firms and capital from many countries worldwide have entered the Chinese market in order to enjoy the benefits of the country’s fixed exchange rate policy (Horch 2009). However, through the years, the increase of inflation, which resulted because of the above policy, led to the increase of manufacturing costs across the country (Rongala 2008). As a result, manufacturing cos

Impact of Social Injustice on Nigeria

Impact of Social Injustice on Nigeria The question of social justice is a question of what is a proper social order, which can guarantee human equitable and equally distribution of benefits and burdens in a society, which will lead to a flourishing state where individuals are treated equally by the state regardless of society status or creed. A just social order cannot allow for a society of slaves, where for some people, resources external to them are been subjected entirely to communal control, such that they having no control or very little control of means of life, thus leading to their autonomy been undermined. With regards to the Nigerian situation, the Nigeria’s socio-political conundrums stem from numerous complicated tides. Egharevba (2007) states that the â€Å"nation-state of Nigeria emerged out of political amalgamations of extremely diverse ethnic groups and class configurations brought together as a colonial necessity in 1914. In other words, Nigeria’s problems are predicated on the partition ing of Africa by European at the Berlin conference. This conference left the continent with an illogical pattern of geographical distribution which also reflected on the amalgamation of Nigerian by the then colonial masters (Mentiki, 2002). Ammo (1997) sees the make-up of the Nigerian state as an embodying the merging of different people with different worldview that lacks a coherent and functional unity and is consequently fragile. As will be shown in the following analysis, this research seeks to analyse how the impact of social injustice in the Nigeria state has led to the bigger problem of ethnic cleavages which has further prevented the country from attaining any meaningful development. Balewa a former Prime Minister of Nigeria, states that some problems facing the nation include the problems of indiscipline, tribalism, lack of patriotism and declining productivity. But one of the most obvious is the tribal prejudice inherent in the nation’s polity as a result of the inequitable distribution of the ethnic groups across her landscape and the persistent attempt of the giant ethnic groups to monopolize control over state resources thereby usurping and undermining the far lesser groups in the nation’s polity. This assertion has been arrived at having keenly analysed the views, lamentations, opinions and findings of some Nigerian socio-political thinkers on the problem of social injustice in the Nigerian state (Oyeshile, 2005). According to these authors, it is the repressing of the interests of some groups (disadvantaged in size, status, ethnicity, etc.) that has characterized the bane of attaining social justice and by extension, social development in the country (ibid). Anikpo identified the appropriation of available resources in Nigeria as characterized by the fundamental concept of Marx’s theory which defines the instability arising particularly from distorted production and rewarded system; as societal goods are distributed to individuals based on their social class or productivity ability. Hence, this situation of polarization of various ethnic groups, social groups and class lines, etc. has led to the formation of ethnic militias raising several questions about social justice in the society. According to Oyeshile (2005), social injustice in terms of unfair and inequitable distribution of social goods satisfactorily among the multi ethnic groups in Nigeria over the years has resulted in the sharpening of the individual’s allegiance to ethnic inclinations rather than to state authority.1 This reality, according to him, has led to the weakening of the federal government and state authorities in propagating agendas of national interest and development, â€Å"since it has become the case that issues of national interest can no longer be considered in their own merits but on how they affect the ethnic groups†2. In other words, the diversities in a contest complicated differences in language, religion and level of economic attainment has further disintegrate the various ethnic tribes in the Nigerian state. In buttressing the above claim, Oguejiofor (2005) refers to the attitude of Nigerians towards the annulment of the June 12, 1993 election, an election which could have consolidated democratic rule in the country years ago. According to him, the North did not want a revisit of the June 12 election simply because its annulment ensured that it (the North) remain in control of power. He states further that â€Å"the other sections of Nigeria did not see their interest attacked by the cancellation of the election (and as such did not protest), while for most Yoruba who mounted serious protest, it was doubtful whether they would have done so if the candidate who won the election were not of Yoruba extraction† (ibid). In a further analysis of the Nigerian socio-political situation, Oladipo observed another deepening effect of social injustice in the Nigeria polity. He observed that at the receiving end of the ethic pervasiveness, structural imbalance and poor distribution of social w ealth, is the common man. The common man in Nigeria has, for reasons quoted above, found life extremely burdensome and unbearable because of the inability to access the essential things of life. Oladipo further made a call for the restructuring of the body polity of the country from an ethical and ideological perspective4. Furthermore, Ograh (2014) avers that structural imbalance and social injustice in Nigeria is represented in two main forms. Firstly, in the exertion of control and appropriation of state resources by more advantaged ethnic groups over the disadvantaged ones even when the later seem to be the main producers of such resources. Secondly, structural imbalance and social injustice in the Nigeria polity consists in the overwhelming gulp between the living standards of the few elite citizens and the majority commoners. Having considered the above analysis, it is clear therefore that measures must be taken towards restructuring the social order in Nigeria in order for meaningful progress and development can be achieved. Sadly, only few attempts have been made by the government towards achieving the aforementioned objective. Even those few attempts have ended in futility because as Oladipo () acknowledges that where the ideological underpinning is strong and resilient the society survives and thrive but where it is weak, the society’s capacity for social progress becomes impaired5. What this means is that there is need for strong ideological foundation for the rectification of the social disorder and injustice which is on display in Nigeria. This is where I find the theoretical postulations of John Rawls on social justice very useful because Rawls’ conception of justice contains ideological guides for rectifying social injustices in multi-ethnic societies like the Nigerian federation. R awls believes that the major function of the basic structure of any society is to distribute the benefits and burdens of that society equitably. The benefits of social cooperation, are wealth and income, food and shelter, authority and power, right and benefits among others while the business of the social cooperation included, duties, obligations and liabilities. However, the most important value of this research is to reemphasize the critical role of the concept of social justice in the formation and sustenance of a stable, viable, humane and progressive society.

COACH K :: essays research papers

The emotions Mike Krzyzewski displays on the courtare the hallmarks of any college basketball coach.His angry stare from the bench seems to sear referees. A snarl of disgust from the Duke leader gets his team back in line, and fast.showed a softer side. He cried. From those tears sprang a new beginning. Duke’s loss to Connecticut in the NCAAchampionship game no longer mattered. The stunning departure of five players, three of those leaving early for the NBAdraft, became distant memories. His physical pain became an afterthought on that April day when, recovering from hip-replacement surgery, ChrisCarrawell, Shane Battier and Nate James paid a visit to his home. â€Å"With all the stuff that was happening, they just came out and said, ‘Coach, we just want to know how you’re doing,’†Krzyzewski says. â€Å"It made me cry. It was like, ‘You care.’ We talked for a long time that afternoon, and we talked about next year. That was the start of this year’s team.† This year’s Duke team was minutes removed from cutting down the nets Sunday at the ACCTournament when Krzyzewski opened up about his team’s emotional journey this season. Acursory glance shows few changes from last year: Duke stormed to the Atlantic Coast Conference regular-season and tournament titles in 2000, finishing 18-1 in the league; the 1999 squad did the same, only without the one loss. Both Duke teams stood No. 1 in the final AP Top 25 polls and had No. 1 seeds in the NCAATournament. Even the talent level and sky-high expectations heaped on both teams are remarkably similar. And that may be the root of the biggest emotion of all at Duke these days. Surprise. n A decade of Duke dominance ended with a thud last March. The Huskies stunned the nation with a 77-74 win in the NCAAchampionship game, and the bad news kept flowing out of Durham. Sophomore Elton Brand, the national Player of the Year, announced his intention to enter the NBADraft. He made history as the first player in Krzyzewski’s 19-year reign at Duke to leave school early for the pros. Then, in rapid-fire succession, sophomore point guard William Avery and freshman sensation Corey Maggette also declared for the draft. Junior forward ChrisBurgess, disappointed with a lack of playing time, decided to transfer. The team’s rock, five-year star Trajan Langdon, graduated in May and also headed for the NBA. â€Å"Everybody was leaving us,† Carrawell says. â€Å"Quin Snyder left (to take over the head coaching job at Missouri). We lost a couple people off sports information! â€Å"We went over and saw coach. I was like, ‘Are you going to be ready to coach us this year?’† Carrawell says. â€Å"He was like, ‘Yeah, I’m going to be ready,’ and

Strategy Management Wal Mart and K Mart

Strategic Management Assignment 8 1. Do Wal Mart and K Mart exploit any merger and acquisition in recent 5-10 years? Merger &Acquisition| Wal Mart| K Mart| Acquisition| -Bempreco: This company has been acquiesced by Wal mart. Bempreco is a retail chain in northeastern Brazil with 118 units (hypermarkets, supermarkets and mini markets). The acquisition gives Wal-Mart Brazil its first stores in the Northeast market. -Seiyu GK: is a Japanese group of  supermarkets, shopping centers, and  department stores  owned byWal-Mart Stores. In 2005 Wal-Mart acquired a majority stake in the company which it has since increased to 95% ownership,  and 100% ownership in 2008. -OneRiot: US-Wal-Mart Stores Inc acquired OneRiot, a Boulder- based provider of online advertising services, it was on Sep 2011. -Kosmix Corp: US-Wal-Mart Stores Inc acquired Kosmix Corp, a Mountain View-based provider of search engine services, it was Jun 2010. -Netto Foodstore: UK – Asda Group PLC, a unit of Wal-Mart Stores Inc's Wal- Mart Stores (UK) Ltd subsidiary, acquired Netto Foodstores Ltd, a West Yorkshire-based owner and operator of grocery stores, from Dansk Supermarked A/S. -Wesfarmers: Wesfarmers has continued to transform the size and shape of its business operations through strategic acquisitions and divestments. Steeped in a foundation of retailing since its formation, today Wesfarmers is one of Australia’s leading retailers and diversified industrial companies. From the small farmers co-operative three quarters of a ce ntury ago, to the nation’s largest employer with almost 200,000 employees and more than 450,000 shareholders, Wesfarmers remains committed to providing a satisfactory return to shareholders. Merger| -Massmart: is a  South African  firm that owns local brand such as game,  Makro,  Builders Warehouse  and CBW. It is the third largest distributor of consumer goods in Africa, the largest retailer of general merchandise, liquor and home improvement equipment and wholesaler of basic foods. On Tuesday 31 May 2011 Wal Mart has been merger with company. -Wal-Mart de Mexico: Is a Mexican public corporation, which is 31% owned by the American retail multinational corporation Wal Mart Store. In December 2009 In December 2009 it was announced that Wal-Mart de Mexico bought 43% of Wal-Mart Centroamerica (Central America unit) from Wal-Mart Stores Inc and 40% from other share holders. | -Sears: Officallly named Sears, Roebuck and Co, is an American chain of  department stores. Sears merger with K Mart in early 2005, creating the Sears Holding Corporation. The new corporation announced that it would continue to operate stores under both the Sears and K Mart brans. Around this time, Kmart changed its logo from a red K with the script â€Å"mart† inside to a red block letter K with the chain's name in lowercase letters below it. | Comment: Regarding this case we know that Wal-Mart has more acqusition and merger than K Mart. Wal-Mart was doing acquisition to open new market share, get more profit. But for K Mart only make acquisition with Sears. Before this acquisition K Mart almost bankrupt, not only have advatages but also acquisition has disadvantages. They was doing horizontal acquisition and merger 2. Why do Wal Mart and K Mart companies exploit such M&A ? Wal-Mart| K-Mart| – Wal-mart wants to get the synergies. The synergies help Wal-mart exploit economies of scale, eliminate duplicated functions, share managerial expertise, and raise larger amounts of capital. Wal-mart usually acquired the company related to the retail industry; it is called ‘Horizontal' mergers. The reasons for these are a desire for greater market power, allowing Wal-mart to exploit new markets and spread its risks. | – Sears Roebuck and Co merger, there are many identified synergies created: enhanced position in retail mark et, winning real estate strategy, differentiation of stores through wealth combination of proprietary brands, strength financial position, stronger management team and support from controlling stockholders. | Comment: Both of these companies may seek an acquisition because it believes its target to be undervalued, and thus a â€Å"bargain† a good investment capable of generating a high return for the parent company's shareholders. Often, such acquisitions are also motivated by the â€Å"empire-building desire† of the parent company's managers. 3. What is the average performance of return for those M&A? Wal-Mart| K-Mart| -With the acquisition, Wal-Mart Brazil will operate 143 units in the country, including 13 Wal-Mart Supercenters, 10 SAM'S CLUBS, two Wal-Mart Todo Dias and the 118 Bompreco hypermarkets, supermarkets and mini markets. The acquisition gives Wal-Mart Brazil its first stores in the Northeast market. -The acquisiton give Wal-Mart and Massmart it’s first store in South of Africa, Botswana, Ghana, Guatemala, Honduras, Lesotho. | -Those most optimistic look to opportunities to cut redundant administrative expenses, increase buying power and crosssell branded merchandise between Kmart and Sears. -This acquisition is proper management and planning, the acquisition will be beneficial to employees from both companies and to consumers in general. | Comment : Normally if the company doing acquisition and merger, they will get more profit and advantages. In above we could know that now on Wal-Mart becoming Leader in retailing industry. Wal-Mart has dominant market share in South africa and some africa contries. Compare between Wal-Mart and K Mart, Wal-Mart has better perfomance than K Mart impact of acquisition and merger. 4. Is there any report about problem after those M;A? Why? Wal-Mart| K-Mart| -The external problems are late entry, overlook competitors, destroy small business, joint venture and nationalism, culture different, house brand and price differentiate, suppliers, and government regulations. The internal problems which it still confronts in the operation systems are unique culture and concepts, and human resource management. | -In October 2009, it was reported that Kmart and  Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia  failed to come to a new agreement. -Kmart and Sears companies had problems with human resources. -There will be also lay-offs which SHC need to manage well. | Comment: As we know that the acqusition and merger h as disadvantages, like we already mentions above. There are two kinds of problems consist of external and internal problems. Like Wal-Mart, K Mart also has problem such as they acqusition in October 2009 with Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia failed. Regarding acquisition and merger, some companies if they want conduct acquisition have to thinking about training of their employee. Because If they do acquisition the management will be cut or mix together in one company that’s mean they have to buid up human resource performance to gain competitive advantages.

The Internet1 essays

The Internet1 essays In the early 1960's, the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) became very concerned about the possible effects of nuclear attack on its computing facilities. As a result, it began to examine ways to connect their computers to each other and to weapons installations that were distributed all over the world. The DOD charged the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (now known as DARPA) to fund research that would lead to the creation of a worldwide network. The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) was an experimental wide area network (WAN) that consisted of the four computers networked by DARPA researchers in 1969. These first four computers were located at the University of California at Los Angeles, SRI International, the University of California at Santa Barbara, and the University of Utah. By 1990, a network of networks, now known as the Internet, had grown from the four computers on the ARPANET to over 300,000 computers on many interconnected networks. As ARPANET grew to include more computers, researchers realized the need for each connected computer to conform the same set of rules. The Network Control Protocol (NCP) was developed as the first collection of rules for formatting, ordering, and error-checking data sent across a network. Vincent Cerf, who is often referred to as the Father of the Internet, along with his colleague Robert Kahn, developed the Transmission Control Protocol and the Internet Protocol (referred to by their combined acronym TCP/IP), which are still used today. The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) includes rules that computers on a network use to establish and break connections. The Internet Protocol (IP) includes rules for routing individual data packets. The term Internet was first used in 1974 in an article written by Cerf and Kahn about the TCP protocol. The open architecture philosophy ensured that each network connected to the ARPANET could continue using its own protocols ...

Management Cost Essay

Management Cost Essay Management Cost Essay Abstract The objective is to explain the difference of managerial accounting and cost accounting. Also, to give details and find the purpose of the lean and typical production process and how they both vary differently. Lastly, give Dr. White some information and a proposal on how to prepare for a decreased budget. MANAGING COST Introduction In our ever changing business world, each organization must find ways to make tight budgets work. Management are always facing ways to increase the bottom line and find innovated ways to meet budget guidelines. Dr. White is faced with the decision to decrease the budget by $94,000. Recommendation will be listed below as to how Dr. White might proceed to cut the organization’s budget. Managerial Accounting Many organizations have managers that run the day to day operation. In order for the company to be successful in its practices there must be accountability. One way to hold accountability is to have accounting. Managerial accounting is an effective way to provide data to the managers that oversees the companies productivity. Many managers provide planning, control operation, and find ways to keep overhead at a minimum. Techniques can be used in the planning process as well, and that is to also help control the budgeting. It is very vital to have the data delivered for the cost accounting to make sure that it is accurate and suitable for the management process. The data analysis can be used in many different aspects, and that may vary; some of those ways may be direct costing, investment budgeting, discrepancy of the analysis and much more. When it comes to the lean production it is a process that is wasteful and excluding any inefficent or added behaviors within the process, and that can sometimes decrease the cost and boost the production cost. Another thing, when it comes to the lean production is that it may consist of a multi-dimensional method that may contain a range of management routines, including quality, work teams, and also incorporated systems. There are many things that will not be done perfect, but when an objective takes place, it is a good time to try to succed that goal. When this happens it will benefit excellent quality, goods and services at a small cost, and this will help shift lower pricing. This would help benefit not just the consumer, but also the organization when it comes to the marketing strategy and the competition. Some of the things and activities that can be wasteful flaws that need to be repaired, the piling inventory which can stem from products and services that are will no longer be needed.The avoidable stage is difficult to detect, and that reason can be as a production process or not.having food items that become spolied is very wasteful as well. When an individual has to dispose of food, because it has not been eaten that is very wasteful. This information when it comes to the lean production is decrease the magnitude of any resources that are used. That is why it is very vital when it comes to the lean production and its philosophy, is to make sure that the consumers are receiving what they are looking for.The accounting system is one that helps produce any manufacturing rotation when it comes to the production process. Comparing and contrasting the accounting principles in the lean production and those that are typical production is a goal that is alloted a cost to the parts of production that may be able to sustain and produce any value, and that will be used a an equal principle. The lean

Economics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Economics - Research Paper Example On micro level economy does not affect our business. We are the leading cement manufacturers in the region and have more than 65% of the sales. Export and local requirement for cement remains constant until economy faces a major crunch. We are the trend setters in the industry. The requirement for research and development to produce new products makes it a competitive industry. And this cut throat competition makes me enjoy my business and triggers me to think something different and new all the time. We have state of the art systems at plants for all the process, from extraction of raw materials to manufacturing and sales of the products. Entire production is monitored by automated systems. Offices are less advanced in IT and use basic information systems to perform day to day work. My future goals for the company is to expand its production capacity, export of cement to Asia wide countries. To implement a system that will analyze the bulk capacity of cement in market and warehouses. And increase the growth rate of the company with more educated staff and efficient capacity. We provide three kinds of call centre services to the industry. Call centre services, automated voice hosting services and call centre consulting services. We provide out sourced services and services to local companies as well. We market our products to companies looking for out sourcing their call centre services. Our target market are local companies. We prefer local companies because it is cost effective to provide assistance with our local resources. We have a qualified staff of 800 people who are fluent in Arabic and English for providing call centre solutions. Segment of marketing different products generates the maximum profit. More than 60% of the companies take services of call centers to sale their products. It also satisfies the customers quickly leading to increase in sales figures. Changes

Business Organizations and Agency Law Legal Issues (Real Estate) Essay

Business Organizations and Agency Law Legal Issues (Real Estate) - Essay Example The various types of real estate business comprises of (i) Appraisal which includes professional valuation services (ii) Brokerages covers assisting buyers and sellers in transactions (iii) Development comprising of improving land for use by way of addition or replacing buildings (iv) Property management which is managing a property on behalf of its owners (v) Real Estate Marketing that covers the sales aspect of the property business and finally (vi) Relocation services encompassing repositioning people or businesses to a different country. Within each field, an organization might focus on a specific type of real estate like residential, commercial, or industrial property. Apart from that, nearly every construction business essentially bears an association with real estate. (Real Estate: Wikipedia) Of late several economists have overlooked the fact that absence of effective real estate laws can impede investment in a lot of development nations. In almost every society, cutting across economic conditions, a considerable proportion of the net wealth is held in the form of land and buildings. In the most developed economies, the primary source of capital used by individuals and small companies to buy and make improvements in land and buildings is through mortgages in which the real property forms the collateral. The banks are ready to extend such loans at convenient rates in major part, since in case the borrower fails in making payment, the lender can make a foreclose which implies that, it can file a case, to take possession and sell it to obtain money. (Legal Encyclopedia: Real Estate) The fundamental concept forming the basis for real property laws are uniform across the US. Nevertheless, a lot of differences in the application of these concepts among the states as also among the counties and cities within the states are found. Freehold Estate constitutes the first category of ownership under the Real Estate Agency law. The idea of estates in the American laws emerged from the feudal system in England. Estates in land are interests that are currently or might become possessory and which are measured by time frame. Possessory estates confer the holder the right to immediate possession. Realty estates are further classified as freehold and non-freehold. While freehold estates go on for an indefinite period or until the happening of certain event, non-freehold estates terminate on a specific date. (Overview of Real Property Law in the United States) The largest estate that is allowed under the provisions of law is the fee simple absolute in which the holder of this estate possesses complete possessory privileges at present and in the future for an indefinite period. No restrictions on its inheritability are present, it cannot be divested and it will not terminate on the occurrence of any event. But, the holder of the estate can sell it or any portion of it during the period of his lifespan and make a will prior to his death for disposal of the property. The other possessory estates are Fee Simple Determinable that suggests a fee simple however restricts the use of the land. Life Estate that is an estate whose period is calculated by the life or lives of one or more human being, and terminates at the death of a person. Fee Tail, that is an estate